{"id":771,"date":"2018-10-05T15:37:40","date_gmt":"2018-10-05T06:37:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/?p=771"},"modified":"2018-10-06T18:00:41","modified_gmt":"2018-10-06T09:00:41","slug":"swmm-non-visual-objects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/2018\/10\/05\/swmm-non-visual-objects\/","title":{"rendered":"SWMM \ube44 \uc2dc\uac01\uc801 \uac1d\uccb4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\uc9c0\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uac01\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc \ud560 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 SWMM\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ube44 \uc2dc\uac01\uc801 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac1d\uccb4 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc5f0\uad6c \uc601\uc5ed \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uac00 \ud2b9\uc131 \ubc0f \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1>\uae30\ud6c4\ud559<\/h1>\n<p><strong>\uc628\ub3c4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\ub300\uae30 \uc628\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 \uc720\ucd9c\uc218 \uacc4\uc0b0 \uc911 \uac15\uc124 \ubc0f \uc124\uc0c1 \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158 \ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc77c\uc77c \uc99d\ubc1c \ub960\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\uac00 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\ud2b8\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc628\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \uc18c\uc2a4 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\uae30 \uc628\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c SWMM\uc5d0 \uacf5\uae09\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8 \uac12\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\uc758 \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4 (\uc911\uac04 \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \uac12\uc774 \ubcf4\uac04\ub41c\ub2e4)<\/li>\n<li>\uc77c\ubcc4 \ucd5c\uc18c\uac12\uacfc \ucd5c\ub300 \uac12\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \uc678\ubd80 \uae30\ud6c4 \ud30c\uc77c (SWMM\uc740 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5f0\ub3c4\uc758 \ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac12\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0ac\uc778 \ucee4\ube0c \uace1\uc120\uc5d0 \ub9de \ucda5\ub2c8 \ub2e4).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc815\uc758\ud55c \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc628\ub3c4\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d \ub2e8\uc704\ub294 F\uc774\uace0 \ubbf8\ud130\ubc95 \ub2e8\uc704\ub294 C\uc774\ub2e4. \uc678\ubd80 \uae30\ud6c4 \ud30c\uc77c\uc740 \uc99d\ubc1c \ubc0f \ud48d\uc18d\uc744 \uc9c1\uc811 \uacf5\uae09\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uc99d\ubc1c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\uc9c0\ud558\uce35 \ub300\uc218\uce35\uc758 \uc9c0\ud558\uc218, \uc5f4\ub9b0 \ud1b5\ub85c\ub97c \ud750\ub974\ub294 \ubb3c \ubc0f \uc800\ub958\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uad00 \ub41c \ubb3c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc99d\ubc1c\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218\uc788\ub2e4. \uc99d\ubc1c \ub960\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc0c1\uc218 \uac12<\/li>\n<li>\uc6d4\ud3c9\uade0 \uac12 \uc9d1\ud569<\/li>\n<li>\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc815\uc758\ud55c \uac12\uc758 \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4<\/li>\n<li>\uc678\ubd80 \uae30\ud6c4 \ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568 \ub41c \uc77c\ubcc4 \uae30\uc628\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uacc4\uc0b0 \ub41c \uac12<\/li>\n<li>\uc678\ubd80 \uae30\ud6c4 \ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc77d\uc740 \uc77c\uc77c \uac12<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uae30\ud6c4 \ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c1\uc811 \ube44\uc728\uc744 \ud310\ub3c5\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud32c \uc99d\ubc1c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc790\uc720 \uc218\ud45c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \uc6d4\ubcc4 \ud32c \uacc4\uc218\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud574\uc57c\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc635\uc158\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \uac15\uc218\ub7c9\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uae30\uac04 \ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc99d\ubc1c\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>SWMM\uc5d0 \uacf5\uae09\ub418\ub294 \uc99d\ubc1c \ub960\uc740 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801 \uc778 \ube44\uc728\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0 \uc720\uc758\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\u00a0 \uc99d\ubc1c \ub41c \uc2e4\uc81c \ubb3c\uc758 \uc591\uc740 \uc774\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ubb3c\uc758 \uc591\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ub824 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\ud48d\uc18d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\ud48d\uc18d\uc740 \uc735\uc124 \uacc4\uc0b0\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc120\ud0dd\uc801\uc778 \uae30\ud6c4 \ubcc0\uc218\uc774\ub2e4. SWMM\uc740 \uc77c\uc77c \ucd5c\uc18c \/ \ucd5c\ub300 \uc628\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uae30\ud6c4 \ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568 \ub41c \uc6d4\uac04 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc18d\ub3c4 \ub610\ub294 \ud48d\uc18d \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uc735\uc124<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\uc735\uc124 \ub9e4\uac1c \ubcc0\uc218\ub294 \uac15\uc124\ub7c9\uacfc \uc735\uc124\ub97c \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158 \ud560 \ub54c \uc804\uccb4 \uc5f0\uad6c \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uae30\ud6c4 \ubcc0\uc218\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uac15\uc218\ub7c9\uc774 \ub208\uc73c\ub85c \ub0b4\ub9ac\ub294 \uae30\uc628<\/li>\n<li>\ub208 \ud45c\uba74\uc758 \uc5f4\uad50\ud658 \ud2b9\uc131<\/li>\n<li>\ud559\uc2b5 \uc601\uc5ed \uace0\ub3c4, \uc704\ub3c4 \ubc0f \uacbd\ub3c4 \ubcf4\uc815<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uba74\uc801\uac10\uc18c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\uba74\uc801 \uac10\uc18c\ub294 \ucd95\uc801 \ub41c \ub208\uc774 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 \ud45c\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd88\uade0\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ub179\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub179\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc774 \uc9c4\ud589\ub428\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub208\uc73c\ub85c \ub36e\uc778 \uba74\uc801\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4 \ub4e0\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud604\uc0c1\uc740 \ub208\uc774 \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub294 \ucd1d \uba74\uc801\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc744 \ub208 \uae4a\uc774 100 %\uac00\uc788\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c \ub208 \uae4a\uc774\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc801\uc6a9\ud55c \uba74\uc801 \uac10\uc18c \uace1\uc120\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc124\uba85\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc790\uc5f0 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 ADC\uac00 \uadf8\ub9bc 3-3\uc5d0 \ub098\uc640 \uc788\ub2e4. SWMM\uc5d0\ub294 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \uace1\uc120\uc774 \uc81c\uacf5 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud558\ub098\ub294 \ubd88 \uce68\ud22c\uc131 \uc601\uc5ed\uc774\uace0 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \ud22c\uacfc\uc131 \uc601\uc5ed\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-773 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/arealdepletion.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"369\" height=\"319\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/arealdepletion.png 369w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/arealdepletion-300x259.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 369px) 100vw, 369px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uae30\ud6c4 \uc870\uc815<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\uae30\ud6c4 \uc870\uc815\uc740 SWMM\uc774 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc758 \uac01 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc628\ub3c4, \uc99d\ubc1c \ub960 \ubc0f \uac15\uc6b0 \uac15\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc120\ud0dd\uc801 \uc218\uc815\uc774\ub2e4. \uc6d4\ubcc4\ub85c \uc8fc\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc870\uc815 \uc138\ud2b8\ub97c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \ud560\ub2f9 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc6d0\ub798\uc758 \uae30\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc744 \uc218\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0\ub3c4 \ubbf8\ub798 \uae30\ud6c4 \ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc870\uc0ac \ud560 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c, \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \uc6d4\ubcc4 \uc870\uc815\uc740 \uae30\uc874 \ub300\uc9c0 \ud45c\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uac15\uc6b0 \uce68\ud22c\uc640 \uc800\uc7a5 \ub178\ub4dc\uc640 \uad00\uac70\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc720\ucd9c\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc720\uc555 \uc804\ub3c4\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc628\ub3c4 \uc0c1\uc2b9\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc720\uc555 \uc804\ub3c4\uc131\uc758 \uc99d\uac00\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub3d9\uacb0 \uc9c0\ubc18\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc9c0\ubc18 \ud45c\uba74 \uc870\uac74\uc758 \uacc4\uc808\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uce68\ud22c \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\uc2a4\ub178\uc6b0 \ud329<\/h1>\n<p>\uc2a4\ub178\uc6b0 \ud329 \uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed \ub0b4\uc758 \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc720\ud615\uc758 \ud558\uc704 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub208\uc758 \ud615\uc131, \uc81c\uac70 \ubc0f \ub179\uc744 \ud2b9\uc131\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub9e4\uac1c \ubcc0\uc218\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Plowable \uc2a4\ub178\uc6b0 \ud329 \uc601\uc5ed\uc740 \uc804\uccb4 \ubd88 \ud22c\uacfc\uc131 \uc601\uc5ed\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\uc758 \ubd80\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc81c\uc124\uae30\ub85c \uc81c\uc124 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \ud560 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \uac70\ub9ac\uc640 \uc8fc\ucc28\uc7a5\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uad6c\uc5ed\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0 \ub0b4\uae30\uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ubd88 \ud22c\uc218 \uc81c\uc124 \ud3ec\uc7a5 \uad6c\uc5ed\uc740 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub294 \ubd88 \ud22c\uc218 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc744 \ub36e\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ud22c\uba85\ud55c \uc801\uc124 \uad6c\uc5ed\uc740 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 \uc804\uccb4 \ud22c\uc218 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc774 \uc138 \uc601\uc5ed \uac01\uac01\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c \ub9e4\uac1c \ubcc0\uc218\ub85c \ud2b9\uc9d5 \uc9c0\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\ucd5c\uc18c \ubc0f \ucd5c\ub300 \uc735\uc124 \uacc4\uc218<\/li>\n<li>\uc735\uc124\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ucd5c\uc18c \uae30\uc628<\/li>\n<li>snow depth above which 100% areal coverage occurs<\/li>\n<li>\ucd08\uae30 \ub208 \uae4a\uc774<\/li>\n<li>\ud329\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \ubc0f \ucd5c\ub300 \ubb3c \ud568\ub7c9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In addition, a set of snow removal parameters can be assigned to the Plowable area. These parameters consist of the depth at which snow removal begins and the fractions of snow moved onto various other areas.<\/p>\n<p>Subcatchments are assigned a snow pack object through their Snow Pack property. A single snow pack object can be applied to any number of subcatchments. Assigning a snow pack to a subcatchment simply establishes the melt parameters and initial snow conditions for that subcatchment. Internally, SWMM creates a &#8220;physical&#8221; snow pack for each subcatchment, which tracks snow accumulation and melting for that particular subcatchment based on its snow pack parameters, its amount of pervious and impervious area, and the precipitation history it sees.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\ub300\uc218\uce35<\/h1>\n<p>Aquifers are sub-surface groundwater zones used to model the vertical movement of water infiltrating from the subcatchments that lie above them. They also permit the infiltration of groundwater into the drainage system, or exfiltration of surface water from the drainage system, depending on the hydraulic gradient that exists. Aquifers are only required in models that need to explicitly account for the exchange of groundwater with the drainage system or to establish base flow and recession curves in natural channels and non-urban systems. The parameters of an aquifer object can be shared by several subcatchments but there is no exchange of groundwater between subcatchments. A drainage system node can exchange groundwater with more than one subcatchment.<\/p>\n<p>Aquifers are represented using two zones \u2013 an un-saturated zone and a saturated zone. Their behavior is characterized using such parameters as soil porosity, hydraulic conductivity, evapotranspiration depth, bottom elevation, and loss rate to deep groundwater. In addition, the initial water table elevation and initial moisture content of the unsaturated zone must be supplied.<\/p>\n<p>Aquifers are connected to subcatchments and to drainage system nodes through a subcatchment&#8217;s Groundwater Flow property. This property also contains parameters that govern the rate of groundwater flow between the aquifer&#8217;s saturated zone and the drainage system node.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\ub2e8\uc704\uc720\ub7c9\ub3c4<\/h1>\n<p>Unit Hydrographs (UHs) estimate rainfall-dependent infiltration\/inflow (RDII) into a sewer system. A UH set contains up to three such hydrographs, one for a short-term response, one for an intermediate-term response, and one for a long-term response. A UH group can have up to 12 UH sets, one for each month of the year. Each UH group is considered as a separate object by SWMM, and is assigned its own unique name along with the name of the rain gage that supplies rainfall data to it.<\/p>\n<p>Each unit hydrograph, as shown in Figure 3-4, is defined by three parameters:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>R: the fraction of rainfall volume that enters the sewer system<\/li>\n<li>T: the time from the onset of rainfall to the peak of the UH in hours<\/li>\n<li>K: the ratio of time to recession of the UH to the time to peak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-776 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rdii.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"309\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rdii.png 482w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rdii-300x192.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Each unit hydrograph can also have a set of Initial Abstraction (IA) parameters associated with it. These determine how much rainfall is lost to interception and depression storage before any excess rainfall is generated and transformed into RDII flow by the hydrograph. The IA parameters consist of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a maximum possible depth of IA (inches or mm),<\/li>\n<li>a recovery rate (inches\/day or mm\/day) at which stored IA is depleted during dry periods,<\/li>\n<li>an initial depth of stored IA (inches or mm)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To generate RDII into a drainage system node, the node must identify (through its Inflows property) the UH group and the area of the surrounding sewershed that contributes RDII flow.<\/p>\n<p>An alternative to using unit hydrographs to define RDII flow is to create an external RDII interface file, which contains RDII time series data. See Section 11.7 Interface Files.<\/p>\n<p>Unit hydrographs could also be used to replace SWMM&#8217;s main rainfall-runoff process that uses Subcatchment objects, provided that properly calibrated UHs are utilized. In this case what SWMM calls RDII inflow to a node would actually represent overland runoff.<\/p>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1>\ud6a1\ub2e8\uba74<\/h1>\n<p>Transects refer to the geometric data that describe how bottom elevation varies with horizontal distance over the cross section of a natural channel or irregular-shaped conduit. Figure 3-5 displays an example transect for a natural channel.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-777 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/transect.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"593\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/transect.png 593w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/transect-300x158.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 593px) 100vw, 593px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Each transect must be given a unique name. Conduits refer to that name to represent their shape. A special Transect Editor is available for editing the station-elevation data of a transect. SWMM internally converts these data into tables of area, top width, and hydraulic radius versus channel depth. In addition, as shown in Figure 3-5, each transect can have a left and right overbank section whose Manning&#8217;s roughness can be different from that of the main channel. This feature can provide more realistic estimates of channel conveyance under high flow conditions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\uc678\ubd80 \uc720\uc785\uc720\ub7c9<\/h1>\n<p>In addition to inflows originating from subcatchment runoff and groundwater, drainage system nodes can receive three other types of external inflows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Direct Inflows &#8211; These are user-defined time series of inflows added directly into a node. They can be used to perform flow and water quality routing in the absence of any runoff computations (as in a study area where no subcatchments are defined).<\/li>\n<li>Dry Weather Inflows &#8211; These are continuous inflows that typically reflect the contribution from sanitary sewage in sewer systems or base flows in pipes and stream channels. They are represented by an average inflow rate that can be periodically adjusted on a monthly, daily, and hourly basis by applying Time Pattern multipliers to this average value.<\/li>\n<li>Rainfall-Dependent Infiltration\/Inflow (RDII) &#8211; These are stormwater flows that enter sanitary or combined sewers due to &#8220;inflow&#8221; from direct connections of downspouts, sump pumps, foundation drains, etc. as well as &#8220;infiltration&#8221; of subsurface water through cracked pipes, leaky joints, poor manhole connections, etc. RDII can be computed for a given rainfall record based on set of triangular unit hydrographs (UH) that determine a short-term, intermediate-term, and long-term inflow response for each time period of rainfall. Any number of UH sets can be supplied for different sewershed areas and different months of the year. RDII flows can also be specified in an external RDII interface file.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Direct, Dry Weather, and RDII inflows are properties associated with each type of drainage system node (junctions, outfalls, flow dividers, and storage units) and can be specified when nodes are edited. They can be used to perform flow and water quality routing in the absence of any runoff computations (as in a study area where no subcatchments are defined). It is also possible to make the outflows generated from an upstream drainage system be the inflows to a downstream system by using interface files. See Section 11.7 for further details.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\uc81c\uc5b4 \uaddc\uce59<\/h1>\n<p>Control Rules determine how pumps and regulators in the drainage system will be adjusted over the course of a simulation. Some examples of these rules are:<\/p>\n<p>Simple time-based pump control:<br \/>\nRULE R1<br \/>\nIF SIMULATION TIME &gt; 8<br \/>\nTHEN PUMP 12 STATUS = ON<br \/>\nELSE PUMP 12 STATUS = OFF<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Multiple-condition orifice gate control:<br \/>\nRULE R2A<br \/>\nIF NODE 23 DEPTH &gt; 12<br \/>\nAND LINK 165 FLOW &gt; 100<br \/>\nTHEN ORIFICE R55 SETTING = 0.5<\/p>\n<p>RULE R2B<br \/>\nIF NODE 23 DEPTH &gt; 12<br \/>\nAND LINK 165 FLOW &gt; 200<br \/>\nTHEN ORIFICE R55 SETTING = 1.0<\/p>\n<p>RULE R2C<br \/>\nIF NODE 23 DEPTH &lt;= 12<br \/>\nOR LINK 165 FLOW &lt;= 100<br \/>\nTHEN ORIFICE R55 SETTING = 0<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pump station operation:<br \/>\nRULE R3A<br \/>\nIF NODE N1 DEPTH &gt; 5<br \/>\nTHEN PUMP N1A STATUS = ON<\/p>\n<p>RULE R3B<br \/>\nIF NODE N1 DEPTH &gt; 7<br \/>\nTHEN PUMP N1B STATUS = ON<\/p>\n<p>RULE R3C<br \/>\nIF NODE N1 DEPTH &lt;= 3<br \/>\nTHEN PUMP N1A STATUS = OFF<br \/>\nAND PUMP N1B STATUS = OFF<br \/>\nModulated weir height control:<br \/>\nRULE R4<br \/>\nIF NODE N2 DEPTH &gt;= 0<br \/>\nTHEN WEIR W25 SETTING = CURVE C25<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\uc624\uc5fc \ubb3c\uc9c8<\/h1>\n<p>SWMM can simulate the generation, inflow and transport of any number of user-defined pollutants. Required information for each pollutant includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pollutant name<\/li>\n<li>concentration units (i.e., milligrams\/liter, micrograms\/liter, or counts\/liter)<\/li>\n<li>concentration in rainfall<\/li>\n<li>concentration in groundwater<\/li>\n<li>concentration in inflow\/infiltration<\/li>\n<li>concentration in dry weather flow<\/li>\n<li>initial concentration throughout the conveyance system<\/li>\n<li>first-order decay coefficient.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Co-pollutants can also be defined in SWMM. For example, pollutant X can have a co-pollutant Y, meaning that the runoff concentration of X will have some fixed fraction of the runoff concentration of Y added to it.<\/p>\n<p>Pollutant buildup and washoff from subcatchment areas are determined by the land uses assigned to those areas. Input loadings of pollutants to the drainage system can also originate from external time series inflows as well as from dry weather inflows.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc774\uc6a9<\/h1>\n<p>\ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc774\uc6a9\uc740 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ud560\ub2f9 \ub41c \uac1c\ubc1c \ud65c\ub3d9 \ub610\ub294 \uc9c0\ud45c\uba74 \ud2b9\uc131\uc758 \ubc94\uc8fc\uc774\ub2e4. \ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc774\uc6a9 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc758 \uc608\ub294 \uc8fc\uac70\uc6a9, \uc0c1\uc5c5\uc6a9, \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ubc0f \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc774\ub2e4. \uc9c0\ud45c\uba74 \ud2b9\uc131\uc5d0\ub294 \uc625\uc0c1, \uc794\ub514, \ud3ec\uc7a5 \ub3c4\ub85c, \ud3c9\uc628\ud55c \ud1a0\uc591 \ub4f1\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc774\uc6a9\uc740 \uc624\uc5fc\uc6d0 \ucd95\uc801\uc758 \uacf5\uac04\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654\uc640 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed \ub0b4\uc758 \uc53b\uae30 \uc728\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub9cc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>SWMM \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\uace0 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ud560\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc635\uc158\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc740 \uac01 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc6a9\ub3c4\uc758 \ud63c\ud569\uc744 \ud560\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc778\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \uc18c\uc720 \uc5ed\ub0b4\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc774\uc6a9\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc774\uc804 \ubc0f \ubd88\ud22c\uc218 \ud55c \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uac16\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc628\ub2e4. \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc740 \ubd84\ub958\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud558\ub294 \ud22c\uc218 \uc18d\uc131\uacfc \ubd88\ud22c\uc218 \ud55c \ud2b9\uc131\uc758 \uc9d1\ud569\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \ub2e8\uc77c \ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc774\uc6a9 \ubd84\ub958\ub97c \uac16\ub294 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uac01 \ud1a0\uc9c0 \uc774\uc6a9 \ubc94\uc8fc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc624\uc5fc\ubb3c \ucd95\uc801<\/li>\n<li>\uc624\uc5fc\ubb3c \uc138\ucc99<\/li>\n<li>\uac70\ub9ac \uccad\uc18c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uc624\uc5fc \ubb3c\uc9c8 \ucd95\uc801<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pollutant buildup that accumulates within a land use category is described (or \u201cnormalized\u201d) by either a mass per unit of subcatchment area or per unit of curb length. Mass is expressed in pounds for US units and kilograms for metric units. The amount of buildup is a function of the number of preceding dry weather days and can be computed using one of the following functions:<\/p>\n<p>Power Function: Pollutant buildup (B) accumulates proportionally to time (t) raised to some power, until a maximum limit is achieved,<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-779\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/pollutantpow.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"167\" height=\"53\" \/><\/p>\n<p>where C1 = maximum buildup possible (mass per unit of area or curb length), C2 = buildup rate constant, and C3 = time exponent.<\/p>\n<p>Exponential Function: Buildup follows an exponential growth curve that approaches a maximum limit asymptotically,<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-780\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/pollutantexp.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"154\" height=\"43\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/pollutantexp.png 154w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/pollutantexp-150x43.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 154px) 100vw, 154px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>where C1 = maximum buildup possible (mass per unit of area or curb length) and C2 = buildup rate constant (1\/days).<\/p>\n<p>Saturation Function: Buildup begins at a linear rate that continuously declines with time until a\u00a0saturation value is reached,<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-781\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/pollutantsat.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"119\" height=\"80\" \/><\/p>\n<p>where C1 = maximum buildup possible (mass per unit area or curb length) and C2 = half-saturation constant (days to reach half of the maximum buildup).<\/p>\n<p>External Time Series: This option allows one to use a Time Series to describe the rate of buildup per day as a function of time. The values placed in the time series would have units of mass per unit area (or curb length) per day. One can also provide a maximum possible buildup (mass per unit area or curb length) with this option and a scaling factor that multiplies the time series values.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uc624\uc5fc \ubb3c\uc9c8 \uc138\ucc99<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pollutant washoff from a given land use category occurs during wet weather periods and can be described in one of the following ways:<\/p>\n<p>Exponential Washoff: The washoff load (W) in units of mass per hour is proportional to the product of runoff raised to some power and to the amount of buildup remaining,<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-783\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/expwashoff.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"119\" height=\"45\" \/><\/p>\n<p>where C1 = washoff coefficient, C2 = washoff exponent, q = runoff rate per unit area (inches\/hour or mm\/hour), and B = pollutant buildup in mass units. The buildup here is the total mass (not per area or curb length) and both buildup and washoff mass units are the same as used to express the pollutant&#8217;s concentration (milligrams, micrograms, or counts).<\/p>\n<p>Rating Curve Washoff: The rate of washoff W in mass per second is proportional to the runoff rate raised to some power,<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-784\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/ratingcurve.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"111\" height=\"47\" \/><\/p>\n<p>where C1 = washoff coefficient, C2 = washoff exponent, and Q = runoff rate in user-defined flow units.<\/p>\n<p>Event Mean Concentration: This is a special case of Rating Curve Washoff where the exponent is 1.0 and the coefficient C1 represents the washoff pollutant concentration in mass per liter (Note: the conversion between user-defined flow units used for runoff and liters is handled internally by SWMM).<\/p>\n<p>Note that in each case buildup is continuously depleted as washoff proceeds, and washoff ceases when there is no more buildup available.<\/p>\n<p>Washoff loads for a given pollutant and land use category can be reduced by a fixed percentage by specifying a BMP Removal Efficiency that reflects the effectiveness of any BMP controls associated with the land use. It is also possible to use the Event Mean Concentration option by itself, without having to model any pollutant buildup at all.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uac70\ub9ac \uccad\uc18c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Street sweeping can be used on each land use category to periodically reduce the accumulated buildup of specific pollutants. The parameters that describe street sweeping include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>days between sweeping<\/li>\n<li>days since the last sweeping at the start of the simulation<\/li>\n<li>the fraction of buildup of all pollutants that is available for removal by sweeping<\/li>\n<li>the fraction of available buildup for each pollutant removed by sweeping<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note that these parameters can be different for each land use, and the last parameter can vary also with pollutant.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\uc218\ucc98\ub9ac<\/h1>\n<p>\uc784\uc758\uc758 \ubc30\uc218 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub178\ub4dc\ub85c \uc720\uc785\ub418\ub294 \ud750\ub984 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9bc\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc624\uc5fc\ubb3c \uc81c\uac70\ub294 \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \ucc98\ub9ac \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0 \ud560\ub2f9\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\ub41c\ub2e4. \ucc98\ub9ac \ud568\uc218\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc798 \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \uc218\ud559\uc801 \ud45c\ud604 \uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc624\uc5fc \ubb3c\uc9c8 \ub18d\ub3c4<\/li>\n<li>\ub2e4\ub978 \uc624\uc5fc \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uc81c\uac70<\/li>\n<li>\uc720\ub7c9, \uae4a\uc774, \uc218\ub9ac \ud559\uc801 \uccb4\ub958 \uc2dc\uac04 \ub4f1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4 \ubcc0\uc218 \uc911 \ud558\ub098, \uae30\ud0c0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ucc98\ub9ac \uae30\ub2a5\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub294 \ub18d\ub3c4 (\ubb38\uc790 C\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc) \ub610\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84 \uc81c\uac70 (R\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc) \uc911 \ud558\ub098 \uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc800\ub958 \ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uac00\ub294 BOD\uc758 1 \ucc28 \uac10\uc1e0 \ud45c\ud604\uc2dd\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ud45c\ud604 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>C = BOD * exp(-0.05 * HRT)<\/p>\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c HRT\ub294 \uc218\ub9ac \ud559\uc801 \uccb4\ub958 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc608\uc57d \ub41c \ubcc0\uc218 \uc774\ub984\uc774\ub2e4. \ucd1d \ubd80\uc720 \ubb3c\uc9c8 (TSS)\uc758 \uc81c\uac70\uc5d0 \ube44\ub840\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\ubd80 \ubbf8\ub7c9 \uc624\uc5fc \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uc81c\uac70\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ud45c\ud604 \ub420 \uc218\uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>R = 0.75 * R_TSS<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\ucee4\ube0c<\/h1>\n<p>\ucee4\ube0c \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \ub450 \uc218\ub7c9 \uac04\uc758 \uae30\ub2a5\uc801 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. SWMM\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uace1\uc120 \uc720\ud615\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Storage &#8211;\u00a0\uc800\ub958 \uc7a5\uce58 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \ud45c\uba74\uc801\uc774 \uc218\uc2ec\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c0\ub294 \uc9c0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>Shape &#8211; \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\uc758 \ub2e8\uba74 \ud615\uc0c1\uc758 \ub108\ube44\uac00 \uad00\uac70 \ub9c1\ud06c \ub192\uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c0\ub294 \uc9c0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>Diversion &#8211;\u00a0\uc720\ub7c9 \ubd84\ubc30 \ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ucd9c \ub41c \uc720\ucd9c\uc744 \ucd1d \uc720\uc785\ub7c9\uacfc \uad00\ub828 \uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>Tidal &#8211;\u00a0\ubc30\ucd9c\uad6c \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uc218\uc704\uac00 \ud558\ub8e8 \uc911 \uc2dc\uac04\ubcc4\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>Pump &#8211; \ud38c\ud504 \ub9c1\ud06c\ub97c \ud1b5\uacfc\ud558\ub294 \ud750\ub984\uc744 \uc5c5\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9bc \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uae4a\uc774 \ub610\ub294 \uccb4\uc801 \ub610\ub294 \ud38c\ud504\uac00 \uc804\ub2ec\ud55c \uc218\ub450\uc5d0 \uad00\ub828 \uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>Rating &#8211; relates flow through an Outlet link to the freeboard depth or head difference across the outlet.<\/li>\n<li>Control &#8211; determines how the control setting of a pump or flow regulator varies as a function of some control variable (such as water level at a particular node) as specified in a Modulated Control rule.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Each curve must be given a unique name and can be assigned any number of data pairs.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4<\/h1>\n<p>\uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4 \uac1c\uccb4\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uac1c\uccb4 \uc18d\uc131\uc774 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \uc124\uba85 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc628\ub3c4 \uc790\ub8cc<\/li>\n<li>\uc99d\ubc1c \uc790\ub8cc<\/li>\n<li>\uac15\uc218\ub7c9 \uc790\ub8cc<\/li>\n<li>\ubc30\ucd9c\uad6c \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uc218\uc704<\/li>\n<li>\ubc30\uc218 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc678\ubd80 \uc720\uc785 \uc218\ubb38\uace1\uc120<\/li>\n<li>\ubc30\uc218 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc678\ubd80 \uc720\uc785 \uc624\uc5fc\uace1\uc120<\/li>\n<li>\ud38c\ud504 \ubc0f \uc720\ub7c9 \uc870\uc808\uae30\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc81c\uc5b4 \uc124\uc815<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uac01 \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc740 \uace0\uc720 \ud55c \uc774\ub984\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec \ubc1b\uc544\uc57c\ud558\uba70 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04 &#8211; \uac12 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc30d\uc744 \uc9c0\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \ud6c4 \uba87 \uc2dc\uac04 \ub610\ub294 \uc808\ub300 \ub0a0\uc9dc\uc640 \uc2dc\uac04\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc785\ub825\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc81c\uacf5 \ud55c \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4 \ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc561\uc138\uc2a4 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uac15\uc6b0 \uc2dc\uac04 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uac15\uc6b0\ub7c9\uc774 0\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uae30\uac04\uc744 \uc785\ub825\ud558\uae30 \ub9cc\ud558\uba74\ub41c\ub2e4. SWMM\uc740 \uac15\uc6b0\ub7c9 \uac12\uc744 \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac15\uc6b0 \uacc4\uae30\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc815\ub41c \uae30\ub85d \uac04\uaca9 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub418\ub294 \uc0c1\uc218 \uac12\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc720\ud615\uc758 \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 SWMM\uc740 \ubcf4\uac04\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uae30\ub85d \ub41c \uac12 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \uac12\uc744 \ucd94\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, SWMM\uc740 \uac15\uc6b0\ub7c9 \ubc0f \uc678\ubd80 \uc720\uc785 \uc2dc\uac04 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 0 \uac12\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc628\ub3c4, \uc99d\ubc1c \ubc0f \uc218\uc704 \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ub610\ub294 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988 \uac12\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\uc2dc\uac04 \ud328\ud134<\/h1>\n<p>\uc2dc\uac04 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \uc678\ubd80 \uac74\uae30 \uc720\ub7c9 (DWF)\uc744 \uc8fc\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uae30\ubcf8 DWF \uc720\uc18d \ub610\ub294 \uc624\uc5fc \ubb3c\uc9c8 \ub18d\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc2b9\uc218\ub85c \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \uc870\uc815 \uc694\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uac04 \ud328\ud134\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc720\ud615\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>Monthly &#8211; \uc5f0\uc911 \ub9e4\uc6d4 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc2b9\uc218<br \/>\nDaily &#8211; \uc77c\uc8fc\uc77c\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc2b9\uc218<br \/>\nHourly &#8211; \uc624\uc804 12 \uc2dc\ubd80 \ud130 \uc624\ud6c4 11 \uc2dc\uae4c \uc9c0 \ub9e4 \uc2dc\uac04\ub9c8\ub2e4 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc2b9\uc218<br \/>\nWeekend &#8211; \uc8fc\ub9d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc2dc\uac04\ubcc4 \uc2b9\uc218<\/p>\n<p>\uac01 \uc2dc\uac04 \ud328\ud134\uc5d0\ub294 \uace0\uc720 \ud55c \uc774\ub984\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c\ud558\uba70 \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \ud328\ud134\uc758 \uc218\uc5d0\ub294 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uac74\uae30 \uc720\uc785 (\uc720\ub7c9 \ub610\ub294 \uc218\uc9c8)\uc740 \uc704\uc5d0 \ub098\uc5f4\ub41c \uac01 \uc720\ud615\ubcc4\ub85c \ucd5c\ub300 4 \uac00\uc9c0 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uac00\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>LID \uc81c\uc5b4<\/h1>\n<p>LID \uc81c\uc5b4\ub294 \ud45c\uba74 \uc720\ucd9c\uc218\ub97c\u00a0 \uc800\ub958, \uce68\ud22c \ubc0f \uc99d\ubc1c\uc0b0\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc870\ud569\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uace0\uc548\ub41c \uc800 \uc601\ud5a5\uac1c\ubc1c \uae30\ubc95\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \ub300\uc218\uce35 \ubc0f \uc2a4\ub178\uc6b0\ud329\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 \uc18d\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ub41c\ub2e4. SWMM\uc740 LID \ucee8\ud2b8\ub864\uc758 8 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc720\ud615\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc \uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-787 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bioretention.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"353\" height=\"249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bioretention.png 353w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/bioretention-300x212.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/>\uc2dd\uc0dd \uccb4\ub958 \uc7a5\uce58(Bio-retention Cells)\ub294 \uc790\uac08 \ubc30\uc218 \uc7a5\uce58 \uc704\uc5d0 \ub193\uc778 \uc778\uacf5 \ud1a0\uc591 \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uc2dd\ubb3c\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \uc800\ub958 \uc2dc\uc124\uc774\ub2e4.\u00a0 \uc8fc\ubcc0 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3ec\ucc29 \ub41c \uc9c1\uc811 \uac15\uc6b0\uc640 \uc720\ucd9c\uc758 \uc800\uc7a5, \uce68\ud22c \ubc0f \uc99d\ubc1c\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-788 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/raingardens.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"354\" height=\"263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/raingardens.png 354w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/raingardens-300x223.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 354px) 100vw, 354px\" \/>\ube57\ubb3c \uc815\uc6d0(Rain Gardens)\uc740 \uc790\uac08\uce35\uc774 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud1a0\uc591\uce35\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \uc2dd\uc0dd \uccb4\ub958 \uc7a5\uce58 \uc77c\uc885\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-789 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/greenroofs.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"349\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/greenroofs.png 349w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/greenroofs-300x230.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 349px) 100vw, 349px\" \/>\uc625\uc0c1 \ub179\ud654(Green Roofs)\ub294 \uc9c0\ubd95\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ec\uacfc\ub41c \uac15\uc6b0\ub7c9\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud2b9\uc218 \ubc30\uc218 \ub9e4\ud2b8 \uc7ac\ub8cc \uc704\uc5d0 \ub193\uc774\ub294 \ud1a0\uc591 \uce35\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc2dd\uc0dd \uccb4\ub958 \uc7a5\uce58\uc758 \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubcc0\ud615\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-790 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/infiltrationtrenches.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"353\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/infiltrationtrenches.png 353w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/infiltrationtrenches-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/>\uce68\ud22c \ud2b8\ub80c\uce58(Infiltration Trenches)\ub294 \uc790\uac08\ub85c \ucc44\uc6cc\uc9c4 \uc881\uc740 \ub3c4\ub791\ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uacbd\uc0ac\uc9c0\uc758 \uc0c1\ub958 \ubd88\ud22c\uc218 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uc720\ucd9c\ub7c9\uc744 \uac00\ub85c \ucc44\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4.\u00a0 \uc218\uc9d1\ub41c \uc720\ub7c9\uc774 \uc544\ub798\uc758 \ud1a0\uc591\uc5d0 \uce68\ud22c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc800\uc7a5\ub7c9\uacfc \ucd94\uac00 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-791 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/continuouspermeablepavement.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/continuouspermeablepavement.png 351w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/continuouspermeablepavement-300x179.png 300w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/continuouspermeablepavement-240x145.png 240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\" \/>\uc5f0\uc18d \ud22c\uc218\uc131 \ud3ec\uc7a5(Continuous Permeable Pavement systems )\uc740 \ub2e4\uacf5\uc131 \ucf58\ud06c\ub9ac\ud2b8 \ub610\ub294 \uc544\uc2a4\ud314\ud2b8 \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c\ub85c \ud3ec\uc7a5 \ub610\ub294 \uc790\uac08\ub85c \ub300\uc0c1 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc744 \ucc44\uc6b0\uace0 \uc720\ub7c9\uc774 \ubc14\ub2e5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uce68\ud22c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ub41c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-792 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rainbarrels.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"354\" height=\"269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rainbarrels.png 354w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rainbarrels-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 354px) 100vw, 354px\" \/>\ube57\ubb3c\ud1b5(Rain Barrels)\uc740 \ud3ed\ud48d\uc774 \uce58\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc9c0\ubd95 \ube57\ubb3c\uc744 \ubaa8\uc73c\uace0 \uac74\uc870\ud55c \uae30\uac04\uc5d0 \ube57\ubb3c\uc744 \ubc29\ucd9c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9 \ud560 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-793 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rooftopdisconnection.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"352\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rooftopdisconnection.png 352w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/rooftopdisconnection-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/>\uc625\uc0c1 \uc5f0\uacb0 \uc2dc\uc124(Rooftop Disconnection)\uc740 \ube57\ubb3c \ubc30\uc218\uad6c\ub85c \uc9c1\uc811 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\ub294 \ub300\uc2e0 \uae30\uc874\uc758 \ud1a0\uc9c0\uac00 \uae54\ub9b0 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uacfc \uc794\ub514\ubc2d\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\ucd9c\ub41c\ub2e4.\u00a0 \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \ud22c\uc218 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ub118\uccd0 \ud750\ub974\ub294 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \ubc30\uc218\uad6c\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \uc9c0\ubd95\uc744 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-794 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/vegetativeswales.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/vegetativeswales.png 347w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/vegetativeswales-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/>\uc2dd\uc0dd \uc218\ub85c(Vegetative Swales )\ub294 \ud480 \ub610\ub294 \uc2dd\uc0dd\uc73c\ub85c \ub36e\uc778 \uacbd\uc0ac\uc9c0 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc6b0\uc218\uc758 \uc6b4\ubc18\uc744 \ub2a6\ucd94\uace0 \ud1a0\uc591\uc5d0 \uce68\ud22c\ud560 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\uc2dd\uc0dd \uccb4\ub958 \uc7a5\uce58, \uce68\ud22c \ud2b8\ub80c\uce58 \ubc0f \ud22c\uc218\uc131 \ud3ec\uc7a5\uc740 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud55c \uc800\ub958\ub41c \uc720\ucd9c\uc744 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b4\ubc18\ud558\uace0 \uc7a5\uce58\uac00 \uce68\uc218\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc790\uac08 \uc800\uc7a5 \uce35\uc5d0 \uc120\ud0dd\uc801 \ubc30\uc218 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \ud1a0\uc591 \uce68\ud22c\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0 \ud560 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \ubd88 \uce68\ud22c\uc131 \ubc14\ub2e5\uc774\ub098 \uce35\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uce68\ud22c \ud2b8\ub80c\uce58 \ubc0f \ud22c\uc218\uc131 \ud3ec\uc7a5\uc740 \ub9c9\ud798\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc2dc\uac04 \uacbd\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc218\ub9ac \uc804\ub3c4\ub3c4\uac00 \uc800\ud558 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc77c\ubd80 LID \uc2e4\ud589\uc740 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc624\uc5fc \ubb3c\uc9c8 \ubc30\ucd9c \uac10\uc18c \ud61c\ud0dd\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud604\uc7ac SWMM\uc740 \uc720\ucd9c \uc720\ub7c9 \uac10\uc18c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc720\ucd9c \uc9c8\ub7c9 \ubd80\ud558 \uac10\uc18c\ub97c \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\ud560 \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc18c\uc720\uc5ed \ub0b4\uc5d0 LID \ud1b5\uc81c\ub97c \ubc30\uce58\ud558\ub294 \ub370\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc591\uc758 \ube44 LID \uc601\uc5ed\uc744 \ub300\uccb4 \ud560 \uae30\uc874 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ud558\ub098 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud1b5\uc81c \uc7a5\uce58\ub97c \ubc30\uce58\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc0c8 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ud558\ub098\uc758 LID\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The first approach allows a mix of LIDs to be placed into a subcatchment, each treating a different portion of the runoff generated from the non-LID fraction of the subcatchment. Note that under this option the subcatchment&#8217;s LIDs act in parallel &#8212; it is not possible to make them act in series (i.e., have the outflow from one LID control become the inflow to another LID). Also, after LID placement the subcatchment&#8217;s Percent Impervious and Width properties may require adjustment to compensate for the amount of original subcatchment area that has now been replaced by LIDs (see Figure 3-6 below). For example, suppose that a subcatchment which is 40% impervious has 75% of that area converted to a permeable pavement LID. After the LID is added the subcatchment&#8217;s percent imperviousness should be changed to the percent of impervious area remaining divided by the percent of non-LID area remaining. This works out to (1 &#8211; 0.75)*40 \/ (100 &#8211; 0.75*40) or 14.3 %.<\/p>\n<p>\uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc740 LID\uc758 \ud63c\ud569\uc774 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub193\uc77c \uc218\uc788\uac8c\ud558\uba70, \uac01\uac01\uc740 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 \ube44 LID \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uc131 \ub41c \uc720\ucd9c\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc635\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 LID\uac00 \ubcd1\ub82c\ub85c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc218\ud589 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4 (\uc989, \ud558\ub098\uc758 LID \ucee8\ud2b8\ub864\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\uc785\ub418\ub294 \uc720\uc785 \ubb3c\uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 LID\ub85c \uc720\uc785\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d). \ub610\ud55c LID \ubc30\uce58 \ud6c4 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 \ud37c\uc13c\ud2b8 \ubd88 \ud22c\uacfc\uc131 \ubc0f \ud3ed \uc18d\uc131\uc740 \ud604\uc7ac LID\ub85c \ub300\uccb4 \ub41c \uc6d0\ub798 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed \uba74\uc801\uc744 \ubcf4\uc644\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc870\uc815\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4 (\uc544\ub798 \uadf8\ub9bc 3-6 \ucc38\uc870). \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, 40 % \ubd88 \ud22c\uc218\uc778 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc774 \uadf8 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 75 %\ub97c \ud22c\uacfc\uc131 \ud3ec\uc7a5 \ub3c4\ub85c LID\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub69c\uaed1\uc744 \ucd94\uac00 \ud55c \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 \ubd88 \uce68\ud22c\uc131\uc744 \ub0a8\uc740 \ube44 \uce68\uc785 \uc601\uc5ed\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc744 \ub0a8\uc740 \ube44 LID \ube44\uc728\ub85c \ub098\ub208 \uac12\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud574\uc57c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 (1 &#8211; 0.75) * 40 \/ (100 &#8211; 0.75 * 40) \ub610\ub294 14.3 %\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-795 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/lid.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"855\" height=\"588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/lid.png 855w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/lid-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/gispipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/lid-768x528.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Under this first approach the runoff available for capture by the subcatchment&#8217;s LIDs is the runoff generated from its impervious area. If the option to re-route some fraction of this runoff to the pervious area is exercised, then only the remaining impervious runoff (if any) will be available for LID treatment. Also note that green roofs and roof disconnection only treat the precipitation that falls directly on them and do not capture runoff from other impervious areas in their subcatchment.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd80\uc9c0\uc758 \ub69c\uaed1\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc800\ub958\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc774\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc720\ucd9c\uc218\ub294 \uadf8 \ubd88 \ud22c\uc218 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ucd9c \ub41c \uc720\ucd9c\uc218\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc720\ucd9c\uc218\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uc774\uc804 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac \ub77c\uc6b0\ud2b8\ud558\ub294 \uc635\uc158\uc774 \uc2e4\ud589\ub418\uba74 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ubd88 \ud22c\uacfc\uc131 \uc720\ucd9c\uc218 (\uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0) \ub9cc LID \ucc98\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc625\uc0c1 \ub179\ud654\uacfc \uc625\uc0c1 \uc5f0\uacb0 \uc2dc\uc124\ub294 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uac15\uc218\ub7c9 \ub9cc \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc788\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubd88 \ud22c\uc218 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uc720\ucd9c\uc218\ub294 \uc800\ub958\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>The second approach allows LID controls to be strung along in series and also allows runoff from several different upstream subcatchments to be routed onto the LID subcatchment. If these single-LID subcatchments are carved out of existing subcatchments, then once again some adjustment of the Percent Impervious, Width and also the Area properties of the latter may be necessary. In addition, whenever an LID occupies the entire subcatchment the values assigned to the subcatchment&#8217;s standard surface properties (such as imperviousness, slope, roughness, etc.) are overridden by those that pertain to the LID unit.<\/p>\n<p>Normally both surface and drain outflows from LID units are routed to the same outlet location assigned to the parent subcatchment. However one can choose to return all LID outflow to the pervious area of the parent subcatchment and\/or route the drain outflow to a separate designated outlet. (When both of these options are chosen, only the surface outflow is returned to the pervious sub-area.)<\/p>\n<p>\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c LID \uc7a5\uce58\uc758 \ud45c\uba74 \ubc0f \ubc30\uc218 \uc720\ucd9c \ubb3c\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \ubd80\ubaa8 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc815\ub41c \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ubc30\ucd9c\uad6c \uc704\uce58\ub85c \ubcf4\ub0b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud558\uc704 \uc720\uc785 \uc720\ucd9c \ubb3c\uc744 \ubd80\ubaa8 \uc18c\uc720\uc5ed\uc758 \ud22c\uc218 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\ub824 \ubcf4\ub0b4\uac70\ub098 \ubc30\uc218 \uc720\ucd9c \ubb3c\uc744 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc9c0\uc815\ub41c \ubc30\ucd9c\uad6c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub0b4\ub3c4\ub85d \uc120\ud0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. (\uc774 \ub450 \uc635\uc158\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uba74 \uc9c0\ud45c \uc720\ucd9c \ub9cc\uc774 \uc774\uc804 \ud558\uc704 \uc601\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \ubc18\ud658\ub41c\ub2e4.)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc9c0\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uac01\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc \ud560 \uc218\uc788\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 SWMM\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ube44 \uc2dc\uac01\uc801 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac1d\uccb4 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc5f0\uad6c \uc601\uc5ed \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uac00 \ud2b9\uc131 \ubc0f \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4. \uae30\ud6c4\ud559 \uc628\ub3c4 \ub300\uae30 \uc628\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 \uc720\ucd9c\uc218 \uacc4\uc0b0 \uc911 \uac15\uc124 \ubc0f \uc124\uc0c1 \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\ub97c \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158 \ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc77c\uc77c \uc99d\ubc1c \ub960\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\uac00 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\ud2b8\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc628\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \uc18c\uc2a4 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\uae30 \uc628\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c SWMM\uc5d0 \uacf5\uae09\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8 \uac12\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\uc758 \uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4 (\uc911\uac04 \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \uac12\uc774 \ubcf4\uac04\ub41c\ub2e4) \uc77c\ubcc4 \ucd5c\uc18c\uac12\uacfc \ucd5c\ub300 \uac12\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \uc678\ubd80 \uae30\ud6c4 \ud30c\uc77c (SWMM\uc740 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5f0\ub3c4\uc758 \ub0a0\uc9dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac12\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0ac\uc778 \ucee4\ube0c \uace1\uc120\uc5d0 \ub9de \ucda5\ub2c8 \ub2e4). \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-posts"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=771"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/771\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":841,"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/771\/revisions\/841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ko.gispipe.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}